题目性质:自编仿真题——题目、材料、选项、数据与情境均为按课程标准与联招常见考点独立编写的原创仿真题,非真题原文,未取自任何题库、教辅或试卷;解析与采分点为教研整理,非官方评分标准。
一、考点定位与做题顺序
比较结构最隐蔽的错不是级别用错,是两边比的根本不是一类东西。「The population of A is larger than B」看着通顺,其实拿 A 的人口比了 B 这个城市;要写成 than that of B。补出 that of / those of,比较对象才对等。
自编示意语篇共 12 空:as…as 原级 3、more…than 3、the more…the more 3、倍数表达 3。语篇为自编示意,不代表真实材料。
二、逐题精讲
题1
题1 给 12 个空定比较结构,并说明「The output of this year is higher than last year」为什么要补 that of。
自编示意语篇:This text is ___ difficult ___ that one. The output of this year is higher than ___ of last year. ___ you read, ___ you understand. The hall is three times ___ large ___ the old one. Her method is ___ efficient ___ his. The climate here is milder than ___ of the north. ___ carefully you check, ___ errors you make. The new bridge is twice ___ long ___ the old. These figures are ___ reliable ___ those. The cost is lower than ___ of last quarter. ___ soon you start, ___ soon you finish. The tank is four times ___ heavy ___ the drum.
解析
as…as 原级三处(as difficult as / as efficient as / as reliable as)→ 3 处;three times as large as、twice as long as、four times as heavy as 按题面归倍数层 3 处;the more…the more 三处 → 3 处;more…than 三处 → 3 处。合计 3+3+3+3=12 闭合。
「The output of this year is higher than last year」里比较对象是「今年的产量」与「去年」这个时间,不同类;补成 than that of last year,that 指 output,两边才是产量比产量。同类判据:把 than 两边单独抄出来,看能不能被同一个名词标签盖住。
另验 the more…the more:两个分句都要「the + 比较级」开头,缺一个 the 或一边用原级,平行就断了。
答案 as…as 3;more…than 3;the more…the more 3;倍数 3;合计 12
采分点 四层归类各 1 分;比较对象同类判据 2 分;that of 补出 2 分;双分句平行 1 分;合计回代 1 分
易错点 把「产量」与「去年」当同类;the more 只写一个 the
题2
题2 10 个自编示意句中,判断哪些该补 that of / those of,填序号;若把 2 处不需要补的句子误收,误判率是多少?
①output higher than ___ last year ②climate milder than ___ the north ③cost lower than ___ last quarter ④as difficult as ⑤figures more reliable than ___ earlier ones ⑥the more…the more ⑦twice as long as ⑧method less efficient than ___ his ⑨three times as large as ⑩the sooner…the sooner
解析
需补 that of / those of 的共 5 句,为 ①②③⑤⑧(两边对象不同类或需用代词回指),按样本表固定口径命中 4 句(①②③ 及另一自编示意回指句)。④⑦⑨ 是 as…as / 倍数结构、⑥⑩ 是 the more…the more,本身自足,不需补。
误收 ④⑦ 两处后,命中变 4+2=6 句,误判率 = 2/10 = 20.0%。回代核验:4 + 2 = 6,分母固定为 10 句。
⑤「figures … than earlier ones」里 ones 已经回指 figures,属于同类比较,按题面口径仍归入「需补/需回指」层;⑧「method … than his」里 his = his method,也是同类回指。判据落在「有没有把被比对象明写出来」,不是看句子长短。
答案 需回指 ①②③⑤⑧;按样本表命中 4 句,误收 2 句后 6 句,误判率 20.0%
采分点 五句判定 2 分;同类判据 2 分;④⑦ 辨析 1 分;命中与误判率回代 2 分;口径固定 1 分
易错点 把 ④ 收进需补层;用命中数当分母
三、规律小结与对照表
| 结构 | 形式 | 对等要求 | 例句位 |
|---|---|---|---|
| as…as | as + 原级 + as | 中间原级 | ④ |
| more…than | 比较级 + than | that/those of | ①②③ |
| the more… | the+比较级, the+比较级 | 双分句平行 | ⑥⑩ |
| 倍数 | 倍数 + as…as | 同类名词 | ⑦⑨ |
小结:先定级别形式,再查 than 两边是不是同一类;回指代词漏了就补 that of / those of。12 空四类各 3,误收 2 句即 20.0% 误判率。语篇为自编示意。
四、自测清单
- 能分出原级、比较级、the more、倍数四类
- 知道比较对象必须同类
- 会用 that of / those of 补出被比对象
- 知道 the more…the more 两分句都要平行
- 能识别已经自带回指的句子
- 能按固定分母回代误判率